Cutaneous collagen vasculopathy: a report of 3 cases
Collagen cutaneous vasculopathy (CCV) is a rare and limited inflammatory superficial cutaneous vasculopathy that is clinically characterized by micro-branched telangiectasias, while dilated venules and capillaries within the superficial dermis are seen under light microscopy, indicative of an excess of type IV collagen within the vitreous. Wall. . We present three cases of collagen vasculopathy. Two cases were associated with some autoimmune scarring, including a positive serological test for endothelial cell antibodies and positive lupus anticoagulant in one case, while the other patient had positive anti-RNP antibodies. The third case was associated with chronic hydroxyurea therapy for an underlying myeloproliferative disorder. The role of immune and non-immune endothelial cell injury in the pathogenesis of collagen vasculopathy is being explored.
Disruption of ATG16L1 function affects the biogenesis of Salmonella and Coccella recurrent vacuoles
Antibacterial autophagy, known as xenophagy, is an innate immune response to the host that targets invading pathogens for their degradation. Some intracellular bacteria, such as the enteric pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), use responsive proteins to interfere with autophagy. One such factor affecting S. Typhimurium, SopF, inhibits recruitment of ATG16L1 to damaged Salmonella-containing vacuoles (SCV), thus dampening the host response. SopF is also required to maintain SCV integrity during the early stages of infection. Here we show the disruption of the SopF-ATG16L1 interaction resulting in a higher proportion of S. Moreover, SopF has been used as a molecular tool to examine the requirement for ATG16L1 in the intracellular lifestyle of Coxiella burnetii, a bacterium that requires a functional autophagy pathway to replicate and form one broad vacuole called vacuole. Contains Coxiella. (CCV). . ATG16L1 is required for CCV expansion and incorporation, but does not affect C. burnetii transcription. In contrast, SopF did not affect CCV formation or replication, demonstrating that the contribution of ATG16L1 to CCV biogenesis is through its role in autophagy, not autophagy. This study highlights the diverse capabilities of bacterial effector proteins to dissect the molecular details of host-pathogen interactions.
Nose-brain delivery of chrysin complex and transitional vesicles in doxorubicin-induced cognitive impairment in mice: insights into the formulation, oxidative stress, and TLR4/NF-kB/NLRP3 pathways.
Many cancer survivors have cognitive impairment caused by the chemotherapy known as “chemo-brain.” Doxorubicin topoisomerase II is widely used in breast cancer, leukemia, and other tumors. However, it has been reported to precipitate cognitive decline in cancer patients by inducing oxidative stress and an inflammatory response. Chrysin-5,7-dihydroxyflavone has promising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties, but has low bioavailability due to poor solubility and extensive metabolism. In this study, chrysin was successfully formulated as transitional chitosan lipid complex vesicles (CCV) showing nanometer size range, high drug-isolation efficiency, and controlled release over 72 h. Intranasal administration of chrysin-enhanced preparations at a reduced dose of 0.5 mg/kg induced doxorubicin-induced memory impairment in rats as indicated by behavioral tests, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity, and markers of oxidative stress; Catalase, reduced glutathione, lipid peroxide and hydrogen peroxide. This can reduce caspase-3 expression by inhibiting apoptosis. In addition, chrysin formulations were able to inhibit doxorubicin-induced TLR4 protein expression of the toll-like receptor and the p65 subunit of the nuclear factor-kappa-enhancer light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) which in turn decreased. procaspase-1, cysteinyl aspartate protease-1 (caspase-1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) through inhibition of inflammation by Nod-type pyrin-3 (NLRP3). Taken together, our findings indicate the enhanced therapeutic potential of chrysin when formulated as transposons and CCVs against chemotherapy-induced brain chemotherapy via inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, oxidative stress, and TLR4-NF-kB(p65)-NLRP3 pathways.
Generation and evaluation of an IgY-scFv-based mimic against canine parvovirus
Antibody mimics can be used in many biomedical applications, especially those in which conventional antibodies are ineffective. In this study, we developed a low molecular weight chicken IgY mimic peptide (IgY peptide) based on canine IgY-scFv complementary demarcation regions (CPV) (CDRs). The peptide mimetic did not show cross-reactivity with canine strain virus (CDV) and canine coronavirus (CCV) and showed excellent protective properties of Crandell-Rees Feline (CRFK) kidney cells against CPV. This study is the first attempt to develop an IgY peptide mimic and demonstrates the ease and feasibility of generating a functional antibody-like molecule for biomedical purposes.
Anti-CCV Antibody |
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| 10-2789 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | 140 EUR |
Anti-CCV Antibody |
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| 10-2790 | Fitzgerald | 1 mg | 140 EUR |
Anti-CCV Antibody |
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| MBS5310951-1mg | MyBiosource | 1mg | 280 EUR |
Anti-CCV Antibody |
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| MBS5310951-5x1mg | MyBiosource | 5x1mg | 1115 EUR |
Anti-CCV Antibody |
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| MBS5310952-1mg | MyBiosource | 1mg | 280 EUR |
Anti-CCV Antibody |
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| MBS5310952-5x1mg | MyBiosource | 5x1mg | 1115 EUR |
CCV Recombinant Protein (Human) |
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| RP051118 | ABM | 100 ug | Ask for price |
CCV ORF Vector (Human) (pORF) |
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| ORF017040 | ABM | 1.0 ug DNA | Ask for price |
Canine Coronavirus (CCV) Antigen Test Card |
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| C11371 | Ring Biotechnology Co | 15T | 20 EUR |
Bovine Coronavirus,CCV ELISA KIT |
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| ED0039Bo | Jiaxing Korain Biotech Ltd (BT Labs) | 96 wells | 458 EUR |
The valocin-containing p97 protein plays an important role in the Japanese encephalitis virus life cycle
Host factors provide critical support for all aspects of the virus life cycle. We recently identified phallocene-containing protein (VCP)/p97, an ATP-abundant cellular protein with diverse cellular functions, as an important host factor for Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) replication. In cultured cells, using siRNA-mediated protein depletion and pharmacological inhibitors, we show that VCP is essential for the replication of three flaviviruses: JEV, Dengue and West Nile. The FDA-approved VCP inhibitor, CB-5083, prolonged the survival of mice in the animal model of Japanese encephalitis infection. While VCP depletion did not prevent JEV binding to cells, it did delay capsid lysis, possibly by trapping endogenous virus in clarinet-coated vesicles (CCVs). Early during infection, VCP-depleted cells showed increased formation of a JEV capsid with clathrin, as well as higher levels of viral RNA in purified CCVs. We show that VCP interacts with the non-structural protein NS5 in JEV and is an essential component of the viral replication complex. Depletion of the key VCP cofactor UFD-1 also significantly impeded JEV replication. Mechanistically, VCP affected two critical steps in the JEV life cycle: nucleocapsid release and RNA replication. Our study demonstrated that PCV is a common host factor with broad anti-flavovirus potential. The identification of host factors is therefore essential for the rational design of much needed antiviral drugs as therapeutic agents. Here we identified the VCP protein as one of the host factors. This protein is very abundant in cells and is involved in different cellular functions and pathways due to its ability to interact with various cofactors. Using siRNA-mediated protein knockdown, we show that this protein is required to release viral RNA into the cell so that it can initiate replication. The protein plays an important secondary role in the formation of the JEV repeat complex. FDA-approved drugs targeting VCP show increased survival of mice in a Japanese encephalitis disease model, suggesting that this may be a pharmacological target for flavonvirus infection.
Inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis by removal of AP-2 leads to changes in the plasma membrane protein
In eukaryotic cells, clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a central pathway for the uptake of cell surface proteins, contributing to the maintenance of protein formation at the plasma membrane. AP-2 is a major component of clathrin-coated inner vesicle (CCV) formation, as it sequesters transmembrane cargo proteins, recruits many other intrinsic factors, and initiates clathrin polymerization. Here, we inhibit CME by AP-2 depletion and explore the consequences for the plasma membrane protein. Quantitative analysis revealed the accumulation of major components of the lysosomal endogenous system that reflects a block in recovery by compensatory CME. The marked enrichment of integrins and their inhibition of their turnover severely impaired cell migration. Rare proteins such as the targeted cancer drug CA9 and tumor markers (CD73, CD164, CD302) were significantly enriched. Knockdown of AP-2 impaired global endocytosis capacity, but clathrin-independent entry pathways were still in effect, as evidenced by the ongoing uptake of established specific GPI receptors including c.